Chronic diseases and conditions are “among the most common, costly, and preventable of all health problems,” according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
As of 2012, half of the U.S. adult population—approximately 117 million people—had one or more chronic health conditions. These conditions and diseases accounted for 86 percent ($1.72 trillion) of the nation’s annual health care expenditures.
What is a chronic disease?
The National Center for Health Statistics defines a chronic disease or condition as one that lasts three months or more. Certain diseases and conditions are considered chronic regardless of duration.
What are some of the most common chronic conditions?
The CDC reports that the most common chronic diseases and conditions are:
- Arthritis
- Type 2 diabetes
- Obesity
- Cardiovascular disease
- Cancer
- Epilepsy and seizures
- Oral health problems
Other common chronic conditions, especially among older adults, include Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and depression.
What are the risk factors of chronic diseases and conditions?
The CDC says most chronic diseases can be traced to a number of key factors, such as:
- High blood pressure
- Tobacco use
- Obesity
- Physical inactivity
- Excessive alcohol use
- Diets low in fruits and vegetables
- Diets high in sodium and saturated fats
Can you prevent chronic diseases?
You can take action to help prevent a chronic disease or condition. Some steps you can take:
- Eat healthy food, such as fruits and vegetables
- Exercise regularly
- Stay mentally active and socially active
- Avoid things that stress you out
- Quit smoking and drink less
What resources and programs are available to Pennsylvanians for chronic disease and condition prevention?
Pennsylvania’s Bureau of Health Promotion and Risk Reduction provides many resources to help you prevent or better manage different kinds of chronic diseases.
You also can speak to your primary care doctor about programs and resources to prevent chronic disease and conditions.